Ludwig Wittgenstein

Ludwig Wittgenstein is an Australian-British scholar who was raised in a famous Viennese dynasty. He was born in the year1889 and passed away in 1951. Wittgenstein is among the famous thinkers of the 20th era. His earlier profession was an effect of Arthur and his mentor Russell Bertrand. His earlier profession was terminated in the Tractatus, which is based on the notion of rational problems that contributed to arguments of the logical language. His work tries to show the logic in philosophy and theoretical investigations. This is through revealing the logic and language used in philosophy as well as the technical approach of philosophical issues. The work of Wittgenstein on a rule of private language is still taken into considerations and his philosophical work as influenced varied field outside the work of philosophy. Therefore, the discussions within the research analysis provide different ways of understanding diverged philosophical writings of Wittgenstein.

The Philosophical Features of Wittgenstein
Wittgenstein’ logical concept is anti-theoretical; thus it is not easy to classify them in the classical ideas. He focused on philosophical logic and language of philosophy, which a theory demonstrating his own meaning of philosophical ideas. He used a philosophical paradox of explaining the logic and language used in philosophical work, which he borrowed from the Greek sceptic (Pojman and Vaughn 192). He avoided the logic and language theory in 1929; thus started explaining ideas rather than describing them. Therefore, his work stood among the classical work because western philosophy mainly was conceived as the search for a new way of explaining ideas rather than describing them. Another feature is that Wittgenstein was non-sceptic because he believed that it was wrong for philosophers to use philosophical theorizing of ideas. This is one of the main reasons that made him abandon the philosophical method of theorizing ideas. This is because he taught that it was a risky way and liable to error. The philosophical theory was a method, which was commonly used by Emmanuel Kant, but the critique upon Kant’s way of theorizing ideas contributed to varied forms of human experience.  Wittgenstein never used the same way Kant was working, but his method in philosophical work led to the philosophical theory back to its origin. For instance, the way people construe or interpret feelings from objects that are not dependent and connect them to the physical world is one way that attributes Wittgenstein’s work.

Ordinary Language Philosophy
Wittgenstein encountered varied issues in placing ideas; thus nearly all of his writing styles were almost the psychopathic quality. Therefore, he used an ordinary language that views traditional philosophical issues as deep-rooted in misunderstandings. This philosophy is built upon distorting what words actually imply in the daily use.  The language philosophical approach that Wittgenstein used avoided philosophical theories. The ordinary language which is sometimes referred as the Oxford philosophy was linked with the work of Oxford professors in the 20th century (Pojman and Vaughn 192). The central point of rational words that Wittgenstein used in the common language tripped over the words that many scholars took in abstraction. Abstraction is the method through which principles are employed from classification and utilization of literal ideas. This method of abstraction was used in philosophy in order to enable philosophers to recognize some set of ordinary features in people. However, Wittgenstein was criticized for being totally misguided, and he has no general solutions to the philosophical problems.
Philosophers are obliged to abstract the ordinary definition of words, but Wittgenstein extracted words in reverse. He could describe a theory in every situation, and he used imagery to reveal the problem structure under scrutiny. This reveals why many people have read and appreciated most of his philosophical work. However, his later philosophical work of explaining theories is not just a style of writing, but also taken one back to the philosophical tradition of antiquity (Pojman and Vaughn 192). His philosophical work about language has varied rhetorical aspects. He treats dialect as a mechanism for abstract thinking a bit comparable to language of numbers, but it requires accuracy.
Moreover, most of his role in language philosophy was to advance on the language vagueness; thus solving philosophical problems. His aim was to counterpoise the picture of language from different sets of objects; thus revealing the functions of varied objects. The language game is among the notable figure of speech that he used to represent the fragmented glimpse of language. Much of his work was on descriptive that became the main topic in discourse analytical work. Therefore, Wittgenstein‘s Philosophical views emphasized on two issues one of them being the reference used in open-ended nature. This is where he made an attempt of providing ostensive definition of a person by taking the definition of color, race and compass point. The second emphasized on description, not from repetition of abstracted words but the range of activities.

Mental Language and Discursive Psychology
This nature of philosophy assumes numerous mentality terms as part of the epistemological arguments. Therefore, one needs to sort out psychological perspectives from philosophical issues. Wittgenstein focused his philosophical work as a therapy kind of work, which dissolves in varied central problems. This is through revealing the language role especially the role of mental terms in psychology. Although, his greatest work was on philosophy, he was not impressed with the empirical psychology during his epoch.  This is because he saw empirical psychology as the experimental combination method with conceptual confusion. The discussion of mind was his way for attacking private language. Therefore, he later developed varied criticism against meaning of words residing against the psychological space. He instead stressed on conventional nature of language use that followed a variety of discourse analytical work such as discursive, rhetoric and ethno-methodology psychology.

Mathematics philosophy
The philosophy or mathematics is the advancement of the general idea, which was founded on the basic constructions of ideas that are intellectually indefensible.  Wittgenstein claims that when a person counts, he or she feel that he or she are using footholds curved in a stone like actuality. He discloses that counting is a method applied in the daily survival of mankind for most various operations. This is the reason behind learning the way to count as people continue to endless practice in their daily lives ((Pojman and Vaughn 397). The idea of mathematical application has been approved less significant in the philosophical language than any of his philosophical ideas. This is because of the gap among the superstructure and the projected method employed in Wittgenstein’s case.

Philosophical Realism and Anti-Realism
The debating issues about Wittgenstein’s realism and anti-realism is appealing one, and it emphasizes on language, activities and behaviors of human beings. Many critics have accused Wittgenstein of language optimism, the notion that language is the ultimate realism.  The anti-realist skepticism in logical concept, metaphysics and moral code has justified entirely accepted in the philosophical writings of Wittgenstein.  Furthermore, Wittgenstein’s doctrine of realism and anti-realism principles denies the recommendation of philosophical principles. The anti-realism focuses the form of language game, but the concern is about what makes sense to people.  Therefore, in case realism is illogical, therefore, anti-realism is opposite.

Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus
This philosophical view is literary style that contains argumentative ideas, but with declarative statements, which are numbered hierarchically. They are similar to mathematical analysis, but they elaborate on the declarative statements. Wittgenstein reveals that Tractatus consist of two significant issues one of them being the thoughts expressed in a logical way. This indicates the way one can use logical means to solve the problems. The problem in this case is the theoretical or philosophical issues. Thus, the prepositions contain in the Tractatus consists of varied numbered prepositions in various sets. Many observers ignore this philosophy work and argue that they are meaningless. However, Tractatus are nonsensical ideas that construct a theoretical picture and meaning of other theory. The task of explaining the logic and use of ordinary language in the philosophical work is meant to solve critical problems. It also aims to present the way people takes significant problems that they are certainly not problem whatsoever.  Therefore, Tractatus presents the foremost ways of solving logical issues that are highly technical.

Conclusion
The discussions within the research analysis provide different ways of understanding diverged philosophical writings of Wittgenstein. His philosophy is anti-theoretical; thus it is difficult to place them in the historical ideas. Most of his writing styles were almost the psychotic quality; hence he used an ordinary language that views traditional philosophical issues. Wittgenstein focused on varied issues including language philosophy, mathematics, mental language and discursive psychology. He also emphasized on Tractatus logical issues, realism and ant-realism philosophy through focusing on issues such as language and human behaviors.

Work Cited
Pojman, Louis, and Lewis Vaughn. Classics of Philosophy, 3rd edition. New York, N.Y. [etc:
Oxford University Press, 2010. Print.

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Journal Entry

The journal entry provides an analysis of the informative speech presented by one of my peer known as Sam. This informative speech offers interesting or significant information; thus a good informative presentation makes one feel more comfortable. Providing relaxed presentation is essential because it increases the understanding, knowledge and ability of the listener. Wood (405) argues that an effective informative presentation should provide listeners with a clear topic and thesis statement. This is because it will make the listeners to want to know way they are listening and what the need to hear from the informative speech. Therefore, the purpose of the essay is to critically analyze the informative speech that was presented by Sam.

 
Discussion
The speaker had a clear topic and memorable attention getter. This is because her work was clearly organized; thus she captured the attention of the listener through use of memorable getter such use of startling and quotation statements. Furthermore, it was easy to identify the speaker’s main points because she prepared the speech points in a clear and coherent manner. The speaker also made effective transition by moving from one point to another; thus connecting listeners effectively. The speaker used some citations within the points, which was easy to identify; thus effective for jogging the memory of the listener in case one forgets the speech.
Moreover, the speaker reviewed the main points in the conclusion and this was imperative because it builds the credibility of the listener. In this ways, the speaker demonstrated that she has some expertise or experience relevant to the topic and also demonstrated to the listeners that she has gained information in other ways. The speaker used memorable concluding devices such as quotations for closing the speech. The speaker had some distracting nonverbal behaviors especially the body language, posture and appearance that took away from the content of her message. However, the speaker used gestures such as deliberate movements and signals which were effective ways of expressing the meaning of the information without words. She also used visual aspects in order to help the listener to understand clearly the points she was explaining such as diagrams and simple charts. Although the speaker at times read directly from her note cards, she made some transitions and explained the points in an informative manner.

Conclusion
In conclusion, I was impressed by the speaker because she connected with the listeners by using body gestures. The speaker also used visual materials and these were effective because they not only connected with the listeners but captured the attention of the listener. Use of gestures and visual materials such as diagrams or simple graphs are effective because they create an impression to the listeners. Therefore, I will give my peer 95 percent because the presentation was well organized. However, the constructive feedback I will offer the speaker is using an effective and more ethical supporting materials; thus presenting information fairly and without misrepresentation.

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Brick Film

Summary
The Brick film is 2005 American thriller film that was directed by Rian Johnson and distributed by Focus Features. The storyline features the main character known as Brendan Frye, a high school teenager who lives a lonely life after he broke up with his girlfriend, Emily Kostich. Brendan receives the call from Emily who is terrified and begs him to help her while mentioning the words “Brick, Pin, Tug and poor Frisco” before hanging up.  The lonely Brendan who is a teenager finds her former girlfriend dead at the entrance, at the tunnel of the sewage. Brendan immediately recalls the last call from Emily when she called him and said that she was in trouble. Thereafter, Brendan decides to hide the body of Emily in order to find the identity of the killer. He also starts investigating to find the meaning and connection of the four words, which Emily uttered before she hanged up the phone. Brendan investigates his high school friends’ powerful social network to find who killed Emily and also find the meaning of the four words. Brendan finds support from his friend Brain and successfully meets Laura, Bramish, Tugger and the drug dealer who he realizes is the Pin. Brendan finally realizes why his girlfriend was killed after he met the drug dealer and decides to revenge. He also realizes that the ‘poor Frisco’ is one of the students who fell in a coma after he injected poorly-cut heroin. Brenda realized that ‘Tug’ who is Tugger was the murder. Tug revealed to him about the shipment of ten bricks, which the Pin received. He sold only eight and the night one was stolen and replaced with a detergent that contributed to Frisco’s coma. The story ends after the eruption of fight that left the Pin dead. Later, Tug and Brian escapes after the police came; thus Laura reveals to Brendan everything as they depart.

Analysis
    The Brick film is an interesting film that attempts to reveal the crime committed by the high school teenagers. A tough teenager, Brendan attempts to investigate the dead of his girlfriend. The director of the film did a great and excellent work of writing a simple and easily understanding film about high school teenagers. The film is a short, clear and well presented in a manner that entertains the viewer.  Furthermore, the director of the Brick film wanted to make a straightforward detective narrative, which everyone can easily understand. The film is amazing because the director wrote the story in a manner that fitted the high school types.  Perhaps the author wanted to address the life experience of being a teenager and the social lifestyles of many high school teenagers.
Moreover, set in high school and stylized like an old detective film, the movie focuses on a hero or detective character known as Brendan. The film centers on unsentimental detective narrative and the most of the characters are students from high school. The film was effectively presented using realistic and in-camera effects. The director did a great job because the dialogue of the film makes it an excellent movie of the time. It was well acted, written and directed; hence extremely underrated. The sound track of the film was well planned and it featured traditional musical instruments including the piano, violin and trumpet. Thus, the director was determined to develop a detective story that provides a clear picture and real life facts of high school teenagers in the contemporary society.
   

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Textual Analysis of "How to Watch Your Brother Die"

Summary
“How to watch your brother die” is a kind of poem that was written by Michael Lassell, but it sounds like a short narrative. The author discusses things that happen in the day-to-day life and mostly the gay life in the contemporary society. Lassell narrates the way love contributes to pain and suffering in the society. Death is one of the unremitting incidences that leave many people with unanswered questions. The poem of Lassell is rewarding because it educates the society on things that happens in the current world. The speaker clearly reveals the issue of homosexual society and the way the outside world view it. The author creates a situation whereby the brother is struggling over the dead of his brother who is sick and he learns a lot about his brother’s death. The speaker narrates the poem in the first person perspective in order to enable the reader to understand what he is trying to put across. It has been quite along when the speaker exiled the brother because he was a gay, but the speaker receives a call from his lover that his brother is dying. The speaker takes a plane to California in order to meet the lover of his brother. The speaker grieves over the love of his brother, but in the process he fails to understand the lover of his brother and the way the lover of his could grief and commit like a wife. Thus, the purpose of the essay is to analyze the possible message the author suggests through focusing on particular strategies employed in the text.

Thesis: Lassell attempts to reveal the challenges many people face in an attempt of reaching others across differences, the pain, power of prejudice and homosexuality in the current society.
The poem of Lassell explores the challenges that many people or families face, prejudice issues and homosexuality aspects in the current society. First, Lassell presents the poem in a unique way in order to reveal the barriers that disconnected the two siblings from communication. This barrier subsides or ends when the speaker realizes that his brother was suffering from a terminal illness and is about to die. The long lost brotherly love is restored when the speaker realizes that his brother is about to die and regrets for shutting him out. This clearly depicts what is happening in the current society because the poem presents controversy between the homosexuality issues and acceptance in the family unit. For instance, traditional families prohibit homosexuality; thus they view gay people as an outcast and many of them face total exile. The speaker reflects this approach after the funeral of his brother; thus, the author says “Forgive yourself for not wanting to know him after he told you. He did” (Lassell pr.11 line 6). The deep hidden love of the brother reveals the shift in the present society where families attempt to embrace all of their children in an equal loving way regardless of their sexual orientation.

The author made the choice of using first person perspective in order to enable the reader to understand clearly the issue of homosexuality and the consequences it contributes. The sonnet is a transformative in the logic that the narrator presents many challenges, painful experience and discomfort of homosexuality in the society.  He struggle with the illness of his brother and even moves to Mexico in order to find better drugs. The poem is pretty impressive because it educates the society about the challenges of homosexuality, which contributes to incurable diseases like AIDS.  The speaker employs first language perspective in order to capture the attention of the reader; thus moving the reader to appreciate the dilemma of the speaker. The speaker defines himself in a manner that enables the reader to discover varied challenges through his journey; hence understanding him clearly.

The poem of Lassell is a stunning sonnet that captures the attention of the reader because of the textual strategies that the author employed. First, the author reveals the theme of commitment amid two characters including the brother and the lover of the deceased. The author reveals the theme of commitment and goes beyond the simple oath that is a compassionate duty among the characters concerned. Unquestionably, one of the greatest commitments that the author presents comes from the compassion for the two lovers and another one from the love of a brother.  Even, though, the love bond between the two brothers were strong, there is a strong love bond between the siblings; hence a special commitment. Therefore, the brother sympathizes with his brother; thus he tries in all means to help his brother to restore his health. He even moves to Mexico to find for drugs but unfortunately the brother dies.

 Furthermore, the conversation amid the brother and the lover of the deceased sets up the commitment level. The fact that the lover is watching over his lover dying from AIDS, the conversation between the brother of the speaker and the gentleman sets the level of commitment. Thus, speaker heard him say “I’m sorry I don’t know what it means to be the lover of another man.” (Lassell pr.5 line 2). The speaker reorganizes the deep love and commitments, as well as, the problems the two had faced in their lives. However, the speaker who is the brother of the deceased fails to understand the kind of love that was between them.

The author uses a contrasting language of love and hatred in the poem. First, the speaker is not comfortable with the partner of his brother and the conversation between the two indicates that the speaker hates homosexuality. This can be seen in the text where the author quotes “how much a man can hate another man” (Lassell pr.9 line 5). The speaker does not want to hear the partner of his brother talking anything about the way he loved his rather. The speaker cannot stand it because he hates gay marriage; thus the speaker asks “how can you stand it?” (Lassell pr.6 line 10). Contrary, the contrasting love and hatred language is revealed between the speaker and the brother. Although, the speaker hates his brother for being a gay, he is also very much worried and concerned about the illness of his brother. This is because the speaker attempts to get proper cure by moving to Mexico to find drugs for his brother. However, when the speaker sees the lover of his brother, the speaker starts visualizing the kind of life his brother used to live and feels to hate him most.

However, from this poem, I do not believe that it is the speaker’s brother who is actually dying but rather a friend to the speaker’s brother. The speaker wanted to reveal the way love and other things such as homosexuality in the society contribute to pain and suffering. The author wanted to reveal the challenges that many families or people face in the contemporary society. AIDS is one of the current challenges impacting the society and it has no cure or proper medicine. The author wanted to reveal the way AIDS can be contracted in numerous ways such as through sexual contact, drug use and blood transfusion. From the beginning of the poem, the authors talks about the brother receiving a call that his brother is dying in California. Therefore, the poem sounds that that the two siblings had a problem from the beginning before the brother left to California.

In conclusion, Lassell attempts to reveal the challenges many people face in an attempt of reaching others across differences, the pain, power of prejudice and homosexuality in the current society. Lassell employs unique styles and textual strategies in order to make the reader to understand him clearly. First, Lassell presents the poem in a unique way in order to reveal the barriers that disconnected the two siblings from communication. The author also used first person perspective in order to enable the reader to understand clearly the issue of homosexuality and the consequences it contributes. The author reveals the theme of commitment between two characters including the brother and the lover of the deceased.  He uses a contrasting language of love and hatred in the poem. However, I do not believe that it is the speaker’s brother who is actually dying but rather a friend to the speaker’s brother; hence the main objective was to reveal challenges many families face in the present society.

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Social Psychology - Textbook Chapter Essay Response

The three concepts that I found interesting in this chapter of emotion include the emotional intelligence, moral judgment and the social cognitive theory.
Emotional intelligence theory is one of the concepts mentioned in the chapter and is defined as the ability for an individual to realize and manage emotions. The emotional intelligence concept dates back to Charles Darwin’s work of emotional expressions. This concept is significant because it emphasize on the social cognitive aspects including effective problem solving and understanding one’s feelings, as well as, those of others. The concept captures on the way people utilize their emotions in day-to-day lives. For instance, individuals with high levels of emotional intelligence are able to put their emotions in significant use; thus they are likely to reduce conflicts that may arise in their relationships.

Secondly, social cognitive theory is one of the significant concepts that were proposed by Miller and Dollard, in 1941. This concept deals with varied aspects such as emotional, cognitive aspects and diverse behaviors for understanding and managing behaviors. The theory is fundamental especially in decision making because social cognition is based on gut feelings, emotions that are engaged during decision making. Many philosophers have argued that people’s emotions are less sophisticated ways of perceiving the world than their logical and higher reasoning. The emotions affect cognitive process and it contributes to reasonable judgments. For instance, the individuals who have suffered from brain injuries experience cognitive difficulties due to damage of the brain. However, the damage of the frontal lobes, which are linked to the amydata and other regions of the brain involved in emotions, often contributes to the in ability to rely on current emotions in making sound decisions.

Lastly, the moral judgment concept is another significant concept mentioned in this chapter. The moral judgment concept is an assessment or opinions formed towards other people’s character traits or their motives. The moral judgment focuses on ethical issues and it distinguishes good actions from bad ones. This concept was developed by a philosopher and neuroscientist known as Joshua Green and his colleagues. They worked through varied moral scenarios and judged participants differently depending on their moral actions. The moral judgment can be evidenced from varied moral scenarios employed by Joshua Green and his friends; thus it is an approach that demands for quick decisions.

Emotional intelligence is one of the crucial theories because this theory deals with monitoring personal emotions and the emotions of others. It is through this concept that one is able to develop effective leadership skills because emotional intelligence allows one to think and take significant actions about others. It is one way of recognizing, understanding and making wise decision by choosing the way one can think and act to cert sin situations. Therefore, I think this concept is more significant than others because it shapes people’s interactions with others and allows people to understand about themselves before jumping into conclusions. The emotional intelligence concept includes self awareness, self management, social skills and social awareness. Therefore, these concepts provide clear understandings of individual emotions and those of others in the surrounding environment. For instance, self-awareness is an effective emotional intelligence theory because it enables one to understand himself or herself. In case, one is aware of his or her emotions, it is easy to manage emotions. The self management also is another element of emotional intelligence and it is significant because it controls one from rushing into decisions, but rather allows one to think fast and act intelligently towards problems.

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A Scandal in Bohemia

“A Scandal in Bohemia," by Arthur Conan Doyle is a new opera that narrates the story about Sherlock Holmes. It is a fiction narrative that reveals the mystery behind Holmes and the way he condescends the views of women. The narrative discourse was written in a chronological sequence of events behind the mystery are written in a way similar to expository narrative. However, the fiction narrative was meant for entertaining the reader and it makes the story appealing to the reader. The fiction narrative was also meant to stir the emotional response of the reader. What makes the narrative somehow different from the expository one is the writing of the content. The author stylizes his writings by speaking from the viewpoint of different characters. He also complicates the story rather than being straightforward and creates the story in a way that makes the reader to believe that the events are in the narrative form.

Narrative Discourse
The narrative discourse is distinct from the story because the events are arranged in a chronological manner. Instead of arranging the information of the story in a manner that makes sense, the author switches the story between the characters or moves the reader through flashbacks and flash-forwards.  Although narratives of all genres are ubiquitous in the day-to-day life, Doyle’s narrative does not leverage the aspects that separate narrative from expository discourse. In the narrative discourse, Doyle employs varied approaches that include the solution to the narrative. For example the dialogue between Watson and Holmes provides a clear understanding of the story. For instance, “was there a secret marriage?” also reveals the way the Holmes condescends the views of women in the story (Doyle, n.d, p. 8). One of the approaches employed in the story is the conversational approach, which the author included in the fiction work as the key aspect to the narrative discourse. The second approach on narrative discourse provides a new genre of literary texts that represents a certain meaning.

Suspense
Doyle also uses suspense in the mystery story that leaves the reader to keep thinking about what happens next in the story. The author creates suspense in the story through explaining the atmosphere of the narrative in order to enable the reader to understand what is around him or her or what the people around the reader are doing. Suspense is used in narratives in order to enable the reader to think, or focus into insight of the story. It also allows people to make conclusions after reading and understanding the story. Doyle wrote the story in order to create suspense and in many phrases, Holmes reveals suspense. For example, Holmes tells Watson that “you know my methods….it’s elementary” (Dyle, n.d p. 2 and 3). Therefore, based on the extraordinary powers of observation, Watson made the solution upon the suspense created by Holmes.
Doyle seems to have used the narrative structure of the first person account. The first person account seems to have destroyed the tension or suspense created in the story. This is because Holmes provided explanation of the narrative as he continued to narrate the story a long way. This makes the story unappealing especially when Holmes is appearing unbearably conceited when narrating the story. Even so, when Doyle sets the plot, it creates suspense because the skills employed in writing the story makes the plot difficult for the reader to know exactly the way the plot is going to untangle. For instance, Doyle says that” Do not join in” (Holt and Doyle 1999, p 25). This statement reveals that no one knows what Holmes will do next to Watson when he tells him not to join in. Therefore, Dr. Watson is left in suspense as the reader is left in suspense too because both of them do not understand what Holmes is exactly doing.
Moreover, Holmes creates and maintains suspense when he asked in case Watson minded breaking the law; thus he quotes” You don’t’ mind breaking the law?” (Doyle n.d, p.15). This quote leaves the reader in suspense because he or she does not know what is going to happen next. This is because Holmes does not explain what he is going to do next; thus leaving the reader in suspense. This is where the reader pauses and attempts to unravel the mystery behind the story. Doyle created suspense by dropping some hints whereby he quotes some few words that singled out the meaning, but he left the reader to crack the mystery behind such tales. The aim of doing this was to make the reader interested to the story since the few hints could make the reader to keep guessing what will happen next.

Conflict
The conflicts in the story functions as the major theme and it reveals the clear meaning of the scandal in Bohemia. There are varied sorts of conflicts revealed in the story and these conflicts rotates between the major characters. One of the major conflicts explored in the story is the marriage conflicts whereby the Bohemia King moves into London and visits Holmes in disguise. This is because of the worry that his marriage to the daughter of the king would be a danger because of Irene Adler. This can be seen where the author quotes that “Married! When?” (Doyle n.d, p. 22); thus the king demands Holmes to make a plan in order to find the picture of Adler. The marriage conflicts arise whereby Adler uses some pictures to blackmail the king. Holmes is the one seen in most cases solving the mysteries in the story. Secondly, Doyle introduces the scandal between Adler and the king whereby the king demands Adler’s photo. The author deals with the conflicting issues of recovering items such as photographs, which are used to blackmail people of royal heritage (Shaw Cosson, Rohrbach and Doyle, 2011). The author attempts to reveal the way such items causes conflicting issues in the society.

Closure
Surprise and resolution is handled in the story through using Holmes in tackling varied issues. For instance, Holmes handles surprises and resolution through ironically reprimanding the king, who proudly proclaims “what a woman oh, what a woman?” (Doyle n. d, p. 24).  The plot is driven and finally resolved through relationships that are created in the end of the story. Despite the marriage conflicts or varied scandals that threatened the Bohemia Kingdom, the wit of the woman, Irene Adler defeated Holmes.

Focalization

The focalization method in this story is used in order to attract the attention of the reader. The author designs the work in a manner that draws one’s attention to the main significant elements on some pages. There are diverse methods employed in emphasizing the significant aspects on a page. First, the author creates the page in a manner that makes it easy for the reader to spot some discourse words. The words are irregularly arranged and some phrases are bold which catches the eyes of the reader. For instance, “there will call upon you to-night” is a phrase that is written in boll letters; thus attracting the attention of the reader.

Evaluation
The omniscient narrator could have been the effective approach for maintaining suspense; thus Holmes could have used it in order to maintain suspense. This could have enabled the reader to view the authorial intelligence of the author in creating the fictional nature of the narrative. However, the story is appealing because the authors employed varied structures that makes the stroy unique. First, the use of suspense in the story telling is crucial because it makes the reader to improve his or her reasoning capacity about the events as they are taking places in the story. The suspense enables the reader to concentrate in order to find the answer of what happens next when the author leaves one in suspense. Lastly, the author arranged the story in chronological manner. This is especially where the author shifts the story in the narrative discourse and engages the character into the conservations; thus enabling the reader to understand the story effectively. This story is relevant to varied aspects taking place in the contemporary society. Thus, it educates the reader on the way varied aspects such as conflicts happen in the current society and the way people solve them.

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"If you could become a character from any book you have read, who would it be and why?

If I could become a character from the books that I have read, Ronald Reagan would be my favorite character.  Reagan is my favorite president because everything that he stands for, I view them as effective; thus strive in order to achieve the same aspects. The former President Regan of America is a leader whose life was the spirit of the American dream. Therefore, I admire his character because he had unique leadership qualities, which I also desired in my life. Despite the challenges Regan faced in life, he never gave up to pursue his dream. For instance, when reading the book of Reagan’s Journey: Lessons from a remarkable career by Margot Morrell, one can notice varied ways behind Regan’ achievements. Morrell (45) introduces Regan as a great leader born with effective leadership skills, which enabled him to become successful in his lifetime. Regan was born a great leader because of his effective communication skills that I desire to possess. However, even though, Regan possessed great leadership skills, he persistently worked hard in order to achieve success.

I admire Regan’s leadership methods because he did not micromanage the followers but rather left them to do what was best for them. He was such a great leader because he listened to people and comprehended their contributions and acknowledged people’s efforts. Therefore, as a leader, one needs to focus on his or her strengths by taking adequate time to recognize one’s talents and the area of expertise in leadership roles. Finding something that one can enjoy doing in life and search for significant ways of becoming supportive in the working environment is significant. Carrying out self examination that can lead to refining of personal qualities and strengthening personal character can also contribute to a successful leader in the future.

Moreover, Regan is my role model because he had a great vision and he communicated about his vision effectively in order to gain followers. Regan had a vision of achieving the greatest dream for the American people, and he also communicated clearly about his vision of what should be done as a leader. Therefore, everything that I have done in my lifetime in places that I have worked, I have always developed a great vision, dedicated myself , worked as a team and developed great personality as leader. Regan’s leadership skills have enabled me to strive hard through emulating his leadership qualities, which will make me successful in the current working places such as National FFA Organization and others. 

"Describe yourself; who are you?"
    I am a fifth generation farmer, born and raised on a farm in Oklahoma State. I have learned varied things including work ethic, self reliant, responsible and other life lessons. I currently hold varied positions in varied organizations that have enabled me to achieve varied leadership skills. I am a student body president where I actively participate in varied school activities. I also work as FFA president, local Red Cross President and an ambassador for a program known as Rachael’s challenge, which aims to curb anti bullying behaviors in varied schools across the nation. Despite these organizations that have changed my life, FFA Organization has significantly improved my life. It has taught and encouraged me to be a dedicated, responsible and good leader. I volunteer frequently in community services and those people who I have worked with always describes me as a self reliant, friendly, leader and someone who stands up for what’s right.

My career objective is to attend the Oklahoma State University and major in Agribusiness and Agriculture communications. I will further my studies after my undergraduate degree and process with my studies at OSU in Stillwater, Oklahoma. I hope to obtain my American FFA Degree and graduate as the top student in the Agribusiness and Agriculture communications classes. My intention of studying hard is to be elected as the Oklahoma State Legislature in order to help Oklahoma producers and the entire population to achieve their demanding needs.  These objectives will not hinder my farming activities but help me to improve, triple my herd size and my goat clipping business activities. The lessons learnt throughout my life experience especially my college career and working experiences will mold me into a successful working member, in the Oklahoma Society. I have leant and achieved a lot of experience since the age of 17, when the Oklahoma agriculture organization gave me an opportunity to start my own farming activities. I have developed critical working skills such as work ethic and taken responsibilities, as well as, learnt on the need to regulate less tax on farm operations.

Moreover, I look forward to promoting a business, which holds the biggest effect on every citizen in the Oklahoma state. The Oklahoma state is a rich agricultural economy with more than 35 million acres of farm land. These have contributed to significant results in the economy, but the economy is widely impacted by factors that do not favor agricultural activities. Therefore, with my career part being an agriculture advocate, I will ensure that the Oklahoma state offer students the opportunities to be part of farm generation where promoting agricultural industry will be the major concerning area. I will also strive to ensure that the Oklahoma producers are in the forefront, and I hope to achieve my future dreams of upholding a position to lead successfully the Oklahoma Agriculture into the next generation.

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Netiquette Essay - Emailing and Texting

Following the criteria that have been employed by varied administrative assistants when emailing and texting female customers, I hereby take this opportunity to address the issues of using Ms when addressing women in written correspondence.
The issue of addressing women by using the word MS has profoundly become commonly used in many organizations. Many administrative assistants use this term without clearly understanding its meaning, and it is associated consequences. The title Ms is an American and British English honorific for addressing females regardless of their marital status. It was derived from an English title known as mistress; hence emerged in 1970s as a marriage-neutral option for Miss and Mrs. Although this term evolved in early during the 17th century because of political motivation, it became a standard form of addressing all women after the second feminism wave.
Therefore, I am writing this to inform all the assistants that it is vital to use a different term like Dear Jane or Dear Janet when addressing female clients. This is significant because it will enable the administrative assistants to avoid an unnecessary response from the clients.

Articles about Email Etiquette
There are varied articles that reveal about email etiquette and among the selected articles; there are varied significant message about emailing and texting. First, Johnson Dave, “9 keys to email etiquette” is one of the articles that address the issue of email etiquette. This article reveals nine key rules that should be followed when writing an email. Johnson (pr. 9) argues that it is vital for one to understand the cultural etiquette of the company before sending emails. This is because other companies prefer lighter tones while other encourage emotions; thus there is no one-singe fit for communicating in emails (Johnson (2012, pr. 9). However, Whitmore, Jacqueline, “15 tips to refine your email etiquette” in his article reveals 15 tips essential for email etiquette. The author argues that when writing an email, it is vital to avoid writing in ALL CAPS, and the company email should not be private (Whitmore pr. 3-4). Lastly, Stewart Celeste, Email Etiquette for Managers also reveals some differences. The author provides dos and don'ts that managers should follow when writing emails. For instance, the author argues that an effective email should have professional signatures, and it should not reveal email addresses to group email recipients (Stewart pr 13).
However, both articles have the common themes, which are significant when writing an email. They both reveal that all emails should have subjects and attachments that should be enclosed with the email. An excellent email should have the subject line, which is specific and informs the recipients about the message being communicated. Another aspect communicated in both articles is proofreading the email before sending it. This is vital because it enables the sender to avoid intentional errors such as grammatical errors, punctuation, spellings and other errors.  Both articles emphasize on the significant of the tone when writing an email. The message tone is significant; thus the sender should avoid strong emotions especially mood mails are potentially unnecessary. Therefore, when writing text or email, it is advisable not to write and send emails when one is angry as this may lead to sending emails that can make an individual regret later. Lastly, the authors in both articles emphasize on replying or communicating in a timely manner. In this case, some may consider alternative methods of responding to the emails such as phone calls or other ways of communicating.

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The similarity and differences of "No Country for Old Men" and "Dead Man"

The films of No Country for Old Men and Dead Man attempt to reveal uncertainty of life. No Country for Old Men is a murder mystery written by Coen and Joel, but it is based on the McCarthy narrative. The story revolves around three main characters; Llewellyn Moss, Anton Chigurh and Tom Bell, a psychopathic killer. The story begins where Anton Chigurh is paid by his boss to find the stolen money, which the boss lost in the failed drug deal. In short, the film is filled with mysteries and uncertainties of life; thus, the name No Country for Old Man. Similarly, Dead man is a movie that was directed by Jarmusch Jim, in 1996. It is a storyline of a young man’s adventure both mentally and physically into the strange land. William Blake starts his journey to the western frontiers of America and he encounters with an odd and an outcast Native American known as ‘Nobody’. The encounter with ‘Nobody’ helps William Blake to overcome difficult through situations, which were in turn hilarious and brutal. Therefore, the movies No Country for Old Man and Dead manare fulfilled with darkness and uncertainty; thus, both directors of the two movies try to reveal the uncertainty of life.

Similarities
There are varied similarities revealed in both films of No Country for Old Men and Dead Man. First, both films are filled with darkness and uncertainty of life because both directors reveal issues of violence, murder and coldhearted villains. These act as the main roles of the central characters in both movies and their lives are full of obscurity. Both directors ties these aspects of uncertainty and darkens with pessimistic belief that there is little one can do about these uncertainty aspects of human life (McCarthy 34). There is a lot of evil in both films because the directors keep reminding the viewer about the inherent evil of human beings in every scene. For instance, the marvelous expressionless humor is one of the darkest aspects in the film of No Country for Old Men. For instance, Chigurh is one the characters who has dreadful characters because he engages in violence issues.
Moreover, both films reveal the mysterious dead as the only certainty and at the same time reveal greatest mysterycases and violence. For instance, the adventure story in the Dead Man film represents certainty of life to William Blake. Consequently, the journey is a long-lasting ceremonial to the person known as‘Nobody’ because his intention was to save Blake and bring him back to the spirit-level of the human race. The non-western viewpoint about Nobody was that life was seen as unending cycle; thus making the significance of the film title ‘Dead Man’. Both filmsreveal cases of violence, some of which contributes to death. For instance, in the film of Dead Man, nobody helps in leading William Blake through situations most of which turns to be violent and on the same time hilarious. Contrary to Blake’s personality, Blake turns to be a criminal, a murderer and vicious man whose physical being slips away gradually. Both novels portray characters most of whom are violent and engage in the world of cruel, brutal and chaotic.
Secondly, both films are filled with darkness and uncertainty of life because the major themes revealed are evil and fate. Most films of western genre are full of evil and fate; thus, many characters play part in evil things in the society. Both directors acknowledge the evil practiced by the power-hungry rich men who dominates the weak, and innocent people are used in order to enable the powerful achieve their needs. For instance, most crimes are committed in both movies and many people end up being the victim of evil because the crimes committed are beyond measure (Raff 61). The powerful people use the weak and innocent citizens in order to fulfill their needs.
In addition, the theme of fate is revealed and it is the cause for violence cases because every character in the movie wants to reach his or her destiny. For instance, the film of Dead Man is about a young man who sets the journey and hopes to reach his destiny in order to accomplish his missions. Fate is also revealed in the other film whereby we see violent cases taking place right from the beginning after Chigurh left the house where Carla lives. The violence cases take place in several scenes because every character aims to fulfill a certain mission (Nelmes 51). Each of the main characters in both films hasa twofoldunderstanding about the global world. In other words, there is an inevitably a sense that the world moves on its way; thus it does not have much to do with the desires or concerns of human beings. Hence, the characters beliefs that they have to contribute to their inevitable future with every choice they make and their work they perform. Perhaps the evil things that they commit are associated with the future, which they are looking; thus, their past determines their fate.
Thirdly, both films reveal the major themes of crime of theft and variant moral perceptions. The film of “No Country for Old Men,” crime of theft centers on a man who stole $2 million from a drug contract. Thus, immediately after the money was stolen, the pursuit follows and this results to his death. The film is a chase or pursuit movie, but is centers on both the crimes and detective narratives with an aim of finding the stolen money from the drug deal. Most characters in thisfilm are criminals of theft something contributes to death of other characters. For instance, Llewellyn Moss is the champion of the movie, an ordinary figure who commits crime of burglary in extraordinary circumstances. The viewer is able to view Moss’ burglary as rational rather than reproachful. Peebles Stacey admits that“later that night after the theft took place” Moss made adecision to return and help the wounded man who had begged for help (King, Rick and Jim 81). This statement clearly depicts the way crime of theft is rampart in the film, which contributes to deaths of many people; hence, the movie revealsuncertainty of lives.
Moreover, Moss also believes that leaving the money behind in the chase would be unimaginable; thus, he asserts, “it is only the ageing people in the story who have lost their money” (Lees-Jeffries 717). Moss takes the money which he found in the desert and acknowledges that by doing so, he will sacrifice all those he loves; thus the movie is a murder mystery where many characters finds themselves. Furthermore, the Dead Man film also is full of crime theft and this is revealed whereWilliam Blake, anewly orphaned accountant who leaves home to find a job in another city and involves in crimes. Upon reaching the factory where Blake was going to find the job, he was told that the job position has already been filled. Blake enters into a nearby bar and spends his night with one of the bar prostitutes. In the process, the violent alternation with the lover of the woman breaks and this leaves Blake as a mysterious murderer and fatally wounded. Eventually, Moss flew into the wilderness where he found the man known as ‘Nobody’ who promised to guide him into the spirit world.
Lastly, both films are thrillers because they reveal murder mysteries, adventure stories and the stories are full of suspense. The thriller narratives are the wide kind of literature or films that employ suspense, anxiety, adventure, enthusiasm, mystery murder and other considerable elements. The directors of both films employed varied elements of a thriller genre such as murder mystery. The cases of murder are reveled in both films where many characters involve in the murder cases and others are found death. Moreover, the directors reveal adventure stories and other varied aspects, which leaves the viewer in suspense trying to think what happens next. This thriller films are exciting, but on the other hand, they are scaring especially where murder cases takes place. In the Dead Man story, Rosenbaum (32) reveals the mysterious and adventure stories of Blake especially his journey into the spirit world. The other film is full of thriller elements starting from murder cases arising due to crime of theft to tension created between characters; thus entertaining movies that one can enjoy watching.

Differences
However, despite the similarities, there are varied differences in both filmsof No Country for Old Men and Dead Man. First, the author of Dead man film can be characterized as an inconspicuous filmmaker unlike the authors of No Country for Old Man who are noticeable or apparent. This is because the Dead Manfilm often shuns the traditional narrative structure and lacks clear plot progression (Rosenbaum 61). The filmis characterized as a western genre film, which is open to the metaphor and its roots evolves from classical narrative forms of literature. In most cases, western styles are most common narratives involving journey into unfamiliar territory. These types of films are often shaped around varied themes such as redemption, tragedy and retribution. Although, this film is not a traditional western film, the genre was only used as departure point with the film being more of mood and character development than plot progression. The film is full of lonely adventures and the director always describes men characters as the conmen and thieves.
Moreover, the Dead Manfilm is different from the western films because it is filmed entirely in black and white. The director of this film decided to make the film black and white from the very beginning because of varied reasons. One of the primary reasons is that the director wanted the film to align with his theme of writing the story, which is about the man who takes a journey that takes him far away from familiar things (Kollatz 22). The color of the film mostly in landscapes connects with the viewer with those things that they are familiar with their tonal values. It is also because the narrative was set during the 19th century; thus inadequate information about the color is one way of gaining some noteworthy historical facet. It also seems that films that were directed in the late 1950s to early 1960s employed western genre styles, which seemed to be black and white. Therefore, it is entirely an up-to-date comedic take on the western; however, one can find it being unquestionable and strange at times.
Secondly, Dead man film is different from that of Jarmusch because it is full of racist and morally decadent. For instance, there is racism because ‘Nobody’ was treated differently from the white because he was of a mixed blood, a tribe that was considered as plain Indians (Lalanne 37). Furthermore, varied clues to the meaning of the film are revealed throughout from the beginning of the screenplay up to the end, whereby, the film critics seem to offer the meaning behind the Dead Man film. For instance, Blake sets the journey from America, and passed through the purgatorial land of the dead. This land is where the dead bury the dead because they do not bother to conduct the burial. In the opening scene, the question is posed, “why is it that the landscape is moving, but the boat is still?” (Depp, Robert, Gabriel, Alfred and Stephen 1996); hence creating suspense.Therefore, this alludes to and links with the ending scene that creates an endless loop and reveals varied issues, which Blake experiences such a racist and moral decadent, in America.
Thirdly, although both films attempts to address the issue of traditions, culture and racist, Dead Manfilm is more of an figurative cinematic poem thanNo Country for old Menfilm. The director of the Dead Man film reveals the merging of the customary and traditional iconography of the Westerners. The author succeeds in creating a filmic analogue and the vehemence of its imageries has their roots in the western genre. The film is fiercely ironic and of course the outsider  is able to understand the American culture who is none other than the American Indian known as ‘Nobody’. The film is ironic because‘Nobody’ who plays the role of a foreigner in his own land is regarded as a savage by the white men. Therefore, this is the only film, which is acquainted by the European culture; thus reveals the myth of the American culture (Bortz 28). 
No Country for old Men is among the best movies and is worth of praise because of the way it was produced. Although, some people may find some weaknesses, the director directed the film in a manner that makes it worth and appealing. One can argue that McCarthy’s work is worth to be praised because of the writing styles and skills employed in the novel. Coens carefully selected the most filmic moments of McCarthy’s novel and philosophically came up with appealing film. One can find a cinematic equivalent of the film to that of language used in McCarthy’s novel.
Lastly, Joel and Coen’s film is different from that of Jarmusch because the story was based on the novel of Cormac McCarthy whose main themes included principles, laws and fate. The cinematic style of producing films significantly influenced the directors; thus directing the film based on the McCarthy’s novel. Therefore, the directors employed unique styles of presenting the theme and personified characters in a manner that makes the film highly interesting. The directors further draw attention to cultural perceptions such as gender roles, racism or ethnicity and also explore the landscape of the west Texas. The critics of the movie argue that the movie is the metaphor for the entropy of the current America, which illustrated the 9/11 terrorism and the Iraq rebel era. This is because it is full of crimes of all evils that left many people wounded while others died in the process of chasing money stolen from the drug deal.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the movies No Country for Old Man and Dead man are fulfilled with darkness and uncertainty; thus, both directors of those two movies try to reveal the uncertainty of life. There are varied similarities revealed in both films of No Country for Old Men and Dead Man. First, both films are filled with darkness and uncertainty of lives because both directors reveal issues of violence, murder and coldhearted villains. They also reveal about mysterious dead as the only certainty and at the same time reveal greatest mystery and violence cases, which contribute to loss of lives. Both films are fulfilled with darkness and uncertainty of lives because the major themes revealed are evil and fate. The theme of fate is revealed and it is the cause for violence cases because every character in the movie wants to reach his or her destiny. Both directors of the filmsreveal the major theme of crime of theft and variant moral perceptions. Thus, both films are thrillers because they reveal murder mysteries, adventure stories and the stories are full of suspense. However, there are varied differences in both films of No Country for Old Man and Dead man. First, the author of Dead man film can be characterized as an inconspicuous filmmaker unlike the authors of No Country for Old Man who are noticeable or apparent. Although both films attempts to address the issue of traditions, culture and racist, Dead Man film is more of a figurative cinematic poem than No Country for old Men film.Moreover, the Dead Man film is different from the western films because it is filmed entirely in black and white. Dead man film is different from that of Jarmusch because it is full of racist and morally decadent. No Country for old Men is one of the best films and is worth of praise because of the way it was produced. Lastly, Joel and Coen’s film is different from that of Jarmusch because the story was based on the novel of Cormac McCarthy whose main themes included principles, laws and fate.

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Research Review for Teaching Strategies for Reading Using Evidence Based Practices for Special Education Students

Introduction/Background
Evidence Based Practice (EBP) is a strategic approach, teaching program or an intervention program provided to individualized students based on their needs. EBP is significant in the education field because it enables the teacher to implement effective teaching strategies, which can enable them to meet the needs for individual students effectively. This approach can enable students with disabilities to improve their reading and writing skills; hence becoming successful in the future. However, many educators have failed to recognize the importance of EBP in learning institutions. There are numerous students with varied disabilities; hence there is a need for experienced professionals to implement effective reading strategies for teaching. They can also engage parents in this intervention program in order to increase the performance level. This is because parents are the first primary caregivers and educators of the child; thus engaging them in the program will contribute to positive change. Therefore, the EBP should be matched with the unique needs of students and their skills; thus developing effective Individualized Education Program (IEP) for producing better learning outcomes.
The themes in the research articles focus on reading instructions, developing fluency and vocabulary instructions for students with learning disabilities. Therefore, the study seeks to offer an insight on the research issues as to whether teaching strategies for reading using EBP is an effective approach for individual education students.  It seeks to reveal the way educators can teach students to read, but how well do students with disabilities understand what they are reading? Educators can also help students with LD (learning disabilities) to think critically. However, do they actually comprehend what the vocabulary words mean and talk fluent? Therefore, what can educators do in order to help these students to think critically, understand vocabularies and read fluent?  The research employs varied methods such as questionnaires, surveys of the perception of students and standardized tests in order to determine how students can develop effective reading or improve performance learning skills. The results varied across students with learning disabilities, but the majority of the students showed improved reading comprehensive skills when employing EBP approach.

Summary of Studies
Article 1
Participants
Stetter, M. E., & Hughes, M. T. (January 01, 2011). Computer Assisted Instruction to Promote Comprehension in Students with Learning Disabilities. International Journal of Special Education, 26, 1, 88-100 reveals the way reading comprehension is significant. The article reveals the way students with LD strive to improve reading skills and many of them face numerous challenges in learning environment. Therefore, the article attempts to analyze whether the computer assisted instructions can help in promoting reading comprehension for students with LD (Stetter and Hughes, 2011). The authors carried out research through employing a single-subject and diverse baseline designed for achieving the desired outcomes. They employed varied methodologies such as surveys, standardized tests and daily questions in order to determine the way reading comprehension is valuable for achieving academic success. The study results revealed that computer assisted instructions could have influenced the reading comprehension of students with LD. The participants who participated in the research study were students from varied schools in the United States. Of these students, 90 % of them were from lower socio-economic background and the remaining percentage from high socio-economic class. The students with LD also participated in the research study, but only 16% of the qualified students returned the consent form. The researcher also selected randomly nine students among students from various schools, who were willing to participate and meet the required qualifications.

Methods
The researcher employed varied instruments for measuring reading comprehension, vocabulary for students with LD.  First, the researcher used standardized test for administering the comprehension in different reading areas. Secondly, the researcher employed comprehension quizzes in the baseline and intervention phases; thus encouraged participants to complete a 20-question comprehension questions on the computer. The multiple questions were provided to the participants that enabled the researcher to measure comprehension through vocabulary and fluency comprehension. Moreover, during the intervention stage after the completion of the baseline stage, students in the intervention stage had to advance towards the intervention training stage. Students were allowed to move independently to another module, and the intervention phases include varied sections such as a story grammar, vocabulary, story chart and comprehension quiz sheet (Stetter and Hughes, 2011). The materials came from three reading book series, which had short stories and reading comprehension questions. Story maps were also used as part of intervention method whereby the students had to complete a story chart on the computer (Stetter and Hughes, 2011). The computer consisted 20 items similar to the story elements, which were conducted during the intervention process. The researcher assigned students randomly and employed survey method to measure their perception. Thus, after the study, the students took a 13 question survey and questions, which they provided feedbacks. The researcher analyzed the scores across all the participants including those in the baseline via percentages.

Findings
The research study indicates that use of computer assisted instructions can improve the students’ reading skills. The result from the intervention set revealed that e reading comprehension is a valuable approach for advancing the reading skills for LD students.  In the delayed intervention group, some students had a slight progression in comprehension quiz scores while one of them showed no progression. The baseline group also showed some slight progression during the intervention process. However, from different methodologies employed in the study, many students showed increased performance when employing reading comprehension strategy to train student with learning disabilities. However, the survey methodology of the participants has some limitations such as unclear data due to biasness and it is also subjected to variability and lack of validity. The standardized test are also subjected to errors; thus making the strategy ineffective. Lastly, some participants will not be willing to reveal their information and others may not understand the multiple questionnaires; thus contributing to increased biasness.

Implications/ Conclusions
I believe this study is meant for testing the ability of computer assisted instructions when employing reading comprehension strategy for students with LD.  The researcher wanted to reveal the way teachers can employ this technique in assisting students with LD to develop effective learning skills. This is because the increased percentage in the comprehension test scores for some students was an indicated the ability for some individuals to improve their reading skills with the help of computer Assisted Instructions.
 

Article 11
Participants
Conklin, K. P. (March 01, 2012). Making the Case for Coteaching--The Evidence-Based Way. Knowledge Quest, 40, 4, 46-49 article analyses the way teaching students to read and pronounce words is effective. The article provides varied questions regarding on the way comprehensive reading can improve the performance of students with LD successfully. The article also investigates the way students can think critically and understand everything they are taught by teachers. The article demands  teachers to encourage students through showing them significant strategies and techniques for achieving successful learning; thus enabling them to connect with the world surrounding them (Conklin, 2012). Thus, the author examines six significant strategies for comprehension, which teachers should address when training students on how to develop fluency vocabulary and read without difficulties. He also clarifies the way EBP can help educators to determine what should be done in order to improve the learning skills of students.

Methods
One of the effective techniques that the author reveals to be successful is the Coteaching concept. This method is where the researcher demands the school librarian and teacher to work as a team towards helping students with LD to improve their performance. The researcher also reveals varied significant strategies for comprehension, which educators should address when training students on how to read critically. One of the strategies is reading comprehension as an effective way of Coteaching; hence enabling students with LD to perform effectively. Coteaching reading comprehension is another effective strategy that requires educators should share with librarians the task of improving the skills of students.  Lastly, the educators and school librarians can collect the evidence through observing successful skills, which students have. This is vital because it is one way of using EBP for enabling students with LD to improve their learning skills.

Findings
It was found out that reading comprehension helps students with LD to improve their reading skills. Coteaching strategy is effective because helps teachers and school librarians to work together as team; hence enabling them to improve the learning outcomes of students.  Teachers and librarians have varied helpful techniques for instructing students; thus they can students with LD to achieve their learning needs successfully.

Implications/ Conclusions
I believe this study demands educators, and other members in the learning institutions to work together as a team toward creating change in the learning environment. It requires each worker and even parents to collaborate; thus work as one team towards improving the learning abilities of students with LD.

Article 111
Participants
Roberts, G., Torgesen, J. K., Boardman, A., & Scammacca, N. (May 01, 2008). Evidence-Based Strategies for Reading Instruction of Older Students with Learning Disabilities. Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, 23, 2, 63-69 is the article, which attempts to reveal the way many students struggle to acquire new knowledge.  However, the rates are high to those students with LD; thus the article examines significant features for EBP that can enable these students to improve their learning abilities. The authors carried out research across varied schools including middle, elementary and also high schools in order to determine the way students with LD struggle to ready. Thus, they provided  varies suggestions critical for improving reading skills such as motivation, reading comprehension, vocabulary, word study and fluency comprehension (Roberts, Torgesen, Boardman and Scammacca, 2008).

 Participants
The participants involved a large sample of students from the United States who were chosen to participate in the study.  He students were from elementary, middle and high schools. Among these students, 36% of them were fourth graders and 27% were eight graders performed below the reading comprehension base level.  Those students below the base level were unable to understand significant concepts and had a problem in acquiring new skills.

Methods
The researcher employed random sampling method of selecting participants in the research study. The recommended materials crucial for reading improvements were categorized into varied five instructional areas. First, the researcher recommended word study instruction during the intervention program, which focuses on word analysis and recognition. Another strategy recommended is fluency instruction whereby readers were allowed to read orally for more than 170 words in every minute. Vocabulary instruction is another area that was tested in order to determine the accuracy of words.  The researcher carried out experimental research by selecting texts, which exposed student to targeted vocabulary words. Another aspect is motivational strategy whereby the researcher encouraged students to read in order to gain reading comprehensive proficiency.

Findings
It was found out that wordy instructions can improve the reading outcomes for those students struggling to recognize words; thus it is an effective strategy for word recognition. It was also found that flounce facilitative role in enabling students with LD to improve reading rate and accuracy. The researcher found that knowing the meaning of letters is less significant than knowing how to read. However, offering legitimate opportunities for vocabulary learning is essential. Mover, motivating and engaging students in reading programs enables students to improve social interactions and their reading capability.

Implications/ Conclusions
This study means that educators should motivate, train students on vocabulary, fluency of words and help students who struggles with reading to improve their performance level. The researcher demands that educators should employ intervention programs and offer effective instructions that can enable students with LD to improve their learning skills. However, the challenge is that providing effective instruction that is powerful is a difficult task. The study does not also indicate the way these instructions can be offered; thus a limitation to the study. 

Discussions
Reading comprehension is one of the effective strategies that are being emphasized in both articles. The authors in both articles demands that educators should implement effective reading strategy in order to enable students with LD to improve their learning skills. They also demands that educators should develop vocabulary and fluency comprehension as teaching strategies for meeting the needs of learners. The implication for reading strategy is that students are able to develop reading skills faster when EBP is well implemented. However, among varied strategies revealed in the studies, I recommend the secondary school teacher to implement reading and fluency instruction for successful older readers (Roberts, Torgesen, Boardman and Scammacca, 2008).  The high school teacher can encourage learners to read orally more than 120 words in a minute. This is because this can enable students with LD in high schools in order to increase fluency in reading. It can also enable high school students to improve vocabulary and improve word pronunciation of difficult texts of known words. However, this strategy has some weakness of this strategy is that, fluency do not directly cause comprehension. It also has a small effect on the improved reading rate and accuracy on students with LD.  Therefore, there is a need for further research in the future on the way students with LD can improve their accuracy when reading skills.

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My Worst Job

I applied to the office of the doctor when I saw on the job listing website of my university the available job opportunities. The job description indicated that there was available vacancy for part-time during school learning period and also full time working hours during the summer period. I felt this was the perfect job since I was wanted a full time job to perform during the summer period. Luckily, after one week, I was called for an interview, which I passed and later offered the job.

Working for Long Hours
I was glad to get this job since I wanted extra money for my school fees, so I started preparing myself for the job during the summer. However, when I started working, I came to realize that the job required one to work for 24 hours in a week. I wanted to get enough money to meet my needs such as school fees and other miscellaneous expenses; thus I decided to search for another job. I was also luck to get another one, which I worked for 9 hours a day in every weekend. However, the work was hectic, and it was far away from my hometown, the distance about three hours driving. The doctor could never understand the need for demanding extra hours in the weekend. This is because every time I could request him that I want to travel home earlier, but he could ask me in case I have another significant work at home. I felt nervous the first time the doctor started questioning me because I had already signed a lease on one of the doctor’s apartments, which was near to the place of work. This is because I was called at times by the doctor in order to help him in the office when there were many clients. So the doctor could question me in order to know the reasons, which could make me to leave in a hurry every weekend to home but I always gave him excuses.

Intense Workload and Strict Rules
Although the work was quite well at the beginning of the first week in both places of my work, the second week things started becoming different. The work in the doctor’s office was too much, and this made me work for long hours at times during the week days. The doctor could call me to write reports, arrange the files for patients and even make pay rolls for other employees. On the other hand, the rules in the other job were strict, and the office was quite different from that of the doctor’s office. This is because there were no cell phones in the office and the company never allowed any food in the work place. There were no incentives for working in the organization such as a free lunch or any other special gifts like Christmas or birthday gifts.

Discrimination in the Work Place
Although my co-worker in the doctor’s office told me that employees were given Christmas bonus, there was discrimination in terms of bonuses provision to diverse employees. I was so delighted because the Christmas was near and indeed I was in needy of that money. What made me hate this job is because of the way they employees were treated differently. When I was given my check, I opened it and realized that it had a Christmas bonus of 17 dollars. I was so happy though I did not expect such amount of money because it was better than nothing. After a week, one of my co-workers came to me, and I was curious to know in case she received the Christmas bonus. I could not believe it when she told me that she too received the bonus but thrice the same amount that I received. I could not understand why she received such amount of money and yet we were both doing similar work. Furthermore, I could be overworked at times more than other employees. To make matters worse, I realized that we were only two employees who received little amount of money, but others received more money than the amount that I received.
Moreover, the situation started becoming difficult after I received a new supervisor in the doctor’s office. Unlike the former supervisor who could give me time to rest, the new supervisor was tough. I was always needed in the office during the weekends, and on the same time I had another part time job; thus I could no longer get enough time in the weekend. So I had to quit the second job that I used to work on the weekends since it was hectic and I also needed time to rest. This is because the supervisor overworked up to weekends so I could not be able to handle two jobs. I resigned the second job since the payment was not good when comparing it with that of the doctor’s office. Even though, the rules changed because of the new supervisor, I decided to work hard in order to achieve what I wanted.

Lack of Motivation
However, things continued to be different in the doctor’s office and there was lack of motivation. Instead of working for 24 hours in a week, I was supposed to work for 48 hours double the normal time that I used to work. There were no any other incentives, and I could understand the reasons behind this because this was also the time I expected to get more salary from working many hours. I could not want to quit the job but rather had to preserve since the summer period was about to end. Kearney (201) argues that it crucial for managers to motivate employees in order to enable them to improve their performance level. However, there was no motivation in the work place, but rather the supervisor could kill my morale of working. I never expected to work for more than the normal working hours without getting overtime money. I felt that they were undermining me; thus I left the place without even thinking of going for similar work the next round but rather decided to look for another job in a different place.

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Art

Describing art efficiently is one way of understanding and acquiring significant art skills. Thus, a simple step is followed when describing the work of art in order to gain insight into the art work design. Therefore, to begin with the first art work, the background of the scene is well decorated with a variety of diamond colors including light blue, yellow to yellowish brown. The diamond colors contribute to the understanding that the art work is oh high value and enhances a tone of high quality. On the left side of the wall seems to be a small blackboard, which is in square shape. This blackboard is painted in black with some writings inside, and this creates attention to the viewer. On the left side below the blackboard is a chair, which seems to have been used in the ancient times. The chair is well decorated and design in a manner that creates attention to the viewer. On the right side is a cupboard and near to it is woman standing near to the cupboard.

Additionally, on the forefront of the cupboard is a woman wearing a blue dress, which is not actually a dress but a painting decorated on the body; thus making it appear like a blue dress. The blue color offers the impression of hope, honesty and loyalty to the viewer. It also exhibit inner sanctuary and confidence; thus communicates or creates to the viewer the sense of calmness and peace. Down to the legs of the woman is a black painting, which appears like black shoes that she is wearing. The black color of these shoes communicates to the viewer about the power and authority.  The black color can also imply submission because some experts argue that when a woman is wearing a black garment or shoes, the black to them implies submission to a man.

The second art work which is written Sara Lighting is another artistic feature, which offers varied impressions to the viewer. First, the wall where the words are written has a smooth surface which glitters. In the middle of the wall is word written in block letters ‘Sara Lightening’ and immediately other words follows, which is ‘Courtney, Waiting Room, 2012, oil on canvas. This style of writing letters in block letters in the typography way is the core component of the design. Thus, it offers the reader or the viewer an insight or understanding the heritage behind the art work. It is one way through which the artists pass information to the viewers; thus making them to have a feeling of knowing more about what is inside the room.

Axel and Nina (230) argue that one way of describing the technique of the work is to provide detailed information of the art work. This is crucial because it provides a clear understanding or creates awareness to the reader; thus revealing the meaning as to why that art work was designed. Therefore, the ‘oil on canvas' painting portrays or offers an overall impression of the artistic work to the viewer. Below the first rectangle is another well designed block in a rectangular shape, which is written ‘JUROR’S CHOICE’ in capital letters. This style of designing words in capital letters is one way of creating maximum effect to the viewer or the reader. It can also give the copy of legibility and helps the viewer to gain greater insight or understating of the subject.  

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Letter of Intent (Sample)

Name:
Address:
City, State, Zip:
Phone No:
Email Address:
Date:

Dr. Mr./Mrs./Miss.
Dean of the University of Engineering Graduate Studies:
University:
Avenue:
Phoenix No:

Dear Sir/Madam,
RE: APPLICATION FOR MASTER PROGRAM IN BUILDING ENGINEERING.
    Building engineering field being significant in the contemporary society, as a would-be engineering student, I will always strive to be an incredible asset to the university by devoting all my time in order to become a successful building engineer. Therefore, I am writing to inform you of my interest in building engineering program because my dreams is to hone my skills in construction management and building structure. My interest of becoming a building engineer began when I was 15 years of age. This was the time when I lost family friends in an incident that occurred due to the collapse of a building; thus, I felt that i will take a professional career in building engineering in order to design, plan and manage construction well to avoid such hazards arising due to poor construction of buildings. Overtime, I came across the book known as; residential construction management: managing according to the project lifecycle; thus the author inspired me because he revealed about the significance of initiation, planning, execution, monitoring, controlling, and managing projects in the real world (Griffin, 2010).
My education experience in urban planning has enabled me to acquire significant planning and management skills; thus I will become a competitive student in building engineering. I graduated with a degree in Bachelor of Arts in urban planning from Concordia University, Canada in April 2013. I studied varied related coursework including law and regulations in urban planning, quantitative and qualitative research methods, urban and regional economic restructuring, urban planning in developing world and many others. I also attained a pre-university graduation certificate from pre-university, Sadoughi University, Iran in 2002-2003 all of which have shaped my education skills. Moreover, I have taken considerable projects that have enabled me to advance my education experience. One of the projects include the development of a proposal for the Hippodrome Montreal, QC, Canada, where I was among the team members; thus we analyzed the urban morphology and productively contributed in the urban design development proposal of hippodrome with connecting the site to its surrounding; proposed master plan, land use character and  solar orientation. In September-December 2012, I participated in a team project for analyzing the urban morphology in plateau-Mont-Royal, Montreal, QC, Canada; thus I gained skills in and diachronic analyses of urban issue and building typology.
I am obliged to utilize my talents in constructive manner that will benefit the society; thus, the building engineering education will offer me an opportunity to express my talents while benefiting the society. I have gained competent working skills from varied internship programs. In May-august 2012 during summer time, I worked in Sustainable Concordia where I productively contributed and worked as a part of the environmental and health safety team. I gained competence skills in team work, communication skills and also I developed effective learning skills. I also worked in a women shoe store as a sale associate in 2009 to 20011 where I learnt how to respond to customers effectively and maintained sales records. I also worked as a private painting teacher where I taught painting techniques in 2003-2007.  I am obliged to achieve my goals because through team work and close association with my fellow workmates, I was inspired to devote myself in achieving my future dreams. Together with the education and work experience that I have gained from the previous learning and working institutions consecutively, I believe that I am an excellent fit for building engineering course program; thus I will build my talent.

Yours Faithfully,
(Signature),
(Name).

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Life Of Martin Luther

Martin Luther is among the outstanding Christianity theologians in history because he initiated the protestant reformation that contributed to varied changes. Martin Luther was born in 1483 at the Roman Catholic family in the small town of Eisleben, which is currently known as Southeast German. His father was a farmer and he worked hard in order to ensure that their son had proper education; thus by 21 years old, Martin acquired master degree in Arts from the Erfurt University. Luther was convened as a revolutionary defender of the truth, and religious freedoms of Christians but some people viewed him as a religious rebellion leader. However, most of the contemporary Christians consent that martin influenced and shaped the protestant Christianity more than any leaders. Luther saw the necessity of reforming the church because he wanted to abolish the traditions, papacy laws and restore churches of Christ from perishing. The aim of reforming the church was to make Catholic authorities to understand faith and make the word of God a central weapon. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the life of Martin Luther, his accomplishments and the goals for reforming the church. Although Martin saw a need for protestant reform because of the schism within western Christianity, he wanted to abolish the traditions, papacy laws, promote unity and restore churches of Christ from perishing.

Earlier Life Of Martin Luther Before He Became A Preacher
Luther was unique and strong-willed person who did a lot to shape the face of Christianity to what it is today. His strong theological beliefs and ideas shaped him to lead a revolution with an aim of initiating Christianity during the Renaissance era .  Before Luther became a preacher, his parents wished him to become a lawyer, a career which he pursued in the Erfurt University. Erfurt was one of the most significant universities in German and it was full of conflicts among the Renaissance humanists and the scholastics people, who practiced theology and philosophy. Luther joined in the faculty of philosophy where he embarked on both theology and law studies; therefore, this was the period when Luther read widely and graduated with a master degree. During the year 1505, the promising law career seemed certain and Luther rejected the world; thus he decided to become a preacher.
Additionally, despite the disappointment from the parents for not being a lawyer, Luther experienced a conversation of having been struck by a bolt of lightning. Martin began to study law in order to fulfill the dreams of his father that his son will one day became lawyer. However, Martin had a terrible thunderstorm that narrowly struck him to death; thus he eventually cried to God and promised to live as preacher. Although this opinion did not please his parents, Martin decided to change the course of his future despite the strong disappointments from his parents. Luther started learning theology and one time when he was sitting in his room, he started reading the bible randomly. Luther became to a passage in the manuscript of Roman 1: 17, which was from Saint Paul revealing that the justice from God can be revealed to those who only has faith because it is through faith that the just shall live forever .

Events That Took Place Prior To Martin’s Conversion
Prior to Martin’s conversion, the events that drastically altered the course of Luther’s life took place near Stotterheim. The law student was altered into a humble preacher seeking for the grace of God.  The awful thunderstorm struck Luther when he was on his way back to Erfurt University after the visit of his parents and Luther fell into the ground. This was the period when he called Saint Anne; hence promised to become a preacher. This was the first great event that changed his life because after the thunderstorm, Luther felt that it was the hand of God that struck him. He felt that the hand of God was everything; thus he cried unto God and decided to reconcile his faith from the worldly ambitions to follow Jesus Christ. Luther wanted to become a preacher because he was saved by the grace of God from a terrible thunder. However, historians assume that Luther had played about the idea of becoming a preacher even before the thunderstorm struck near him .
Additionally, Luther decided to become a priest; thus the conversation of Luther can be compared to the account of Saul when he was struck by lightning and became blind because of his bad deeds. This was the period when God spoke to Saul asking him why he has forsaken thee; but later Saul changed his name to Paul and started preaching the gospel of God to his people. Luther relieved his worry and joined the Hermits Order in order to protect himself from the earthly distractions. This is where Luther believed that he could find the way to heaven; thus he fasted and prayed without ceasing. Luther joined the faculty of philosophy after the transfer to Wittenberg; thus he became a leader and struggled in making Wittenberg a humanism hub instead of scholasticism. Eventually Luther became more interested in preaching about Christianity and devoted himself to knowing and discovering more about God.

The Need For Reformation Of the Church
Martin saw a need for reformation of the church because he wanted to abolish the traditions, papacy laws and restore churches of Christ from perishing. Luther was the fathers of Protestantism and he was primary against the Roman Catholic Church because he was convinced that pope was Anti-Christ . Luther argued that the papacy laws and doctrines contributed to increased sins in the church; thus the need for restoration of church. Although the Roman Catholicism and eastern orthodoxy have basically same doctrines, Luther seemed to believe that the church needed to be doctrinally reformed even before the Great Schism. Luther saw that the church was increasing becoming corrupt because he perceived that there was real and false churches. Luther demanded to know some of the fundamental doctrines of Roman Catholicism and his followers soon divided from the Roman Catholicism to the protestant convention.
Martin also saw a need for protestant reform because of the schism within western Christianity; thus he and other reformers protested against the rituals, leadership, ecclesiastical arrangements and doctrines of the Roman Catholic Church. This reformation led to the formation of new protestant churches but the restructuring of church contributed by earlier events in Europe including the deaths of black people and western schism eroded the faith of many Catholic Church believers. Some factors including the spread of renaissance notions, papacy doctrines and the collapse of eastern Roman sovereign also contributed to the establishment of new Protestantism. The protestant reformation movement was the most activist event that occurred in the 16th century and it was led by Luther and other reformers. It was through this reformation that forced people to make choice of being ether Protestants or Catholics because there was no other alternative; thus one could die or live based on such choices.
There was a need for reformation because many dedicated Christians found out that the church’s increasing emphasis on rituals was unsupportive for the mission of Christians about their personal salvation. Many people lost their faith in God and there was increased shift of salvation of the whole groups to something of personal; thus many Christians lost their faith in God. The aspect of sacraments became a sort of ritualized behavior and the papacy laws had lost much of their spiritual influences over its people due to increased tendency towards secularization. Martin saw that the bishops and pope were acting more like kings and princes; thus the poor resented the wealth of the papacy. The papacy government bought and sold high offices, which made them rich; something that contributed to abuses of every sort among the jealous church officials. This is because the clergy and other church officials became corrupt, lax and immoral; hence the need for church reformation. The paradox of the church is based on the biblical context that the church is the sinless bride of Christ; thus Matthew 16: 18-10 attempts to warm Christians that there would be wolves among the sheep .

The Accomplices Of Martin Luther
    The accomplices of Martin included his followers who had already understood his teachings; thus they worked together in accomplishing the mission of transforming the church. Some of his accomplices included John Calvin, Jan Hus, Huldreich Zwingli, John Knox, John Wycliffe and many other early Protestants. Martin and his followers challenged the corrupt Roman Catholic Church especially about the selling of indulgences issues. Luther managed to convince many people through his teachings; thus he had many followers who decided to follow him. Martin and his followers questioned the church doctrines of the Roman Catholic and demanded them to reveal where their doctrines are quoted in the bible. Luther held firmly his objection to any compulsion faith and his concern was always that the faith should be unimpeded. In his book Here I Stand, Luther was not so much the confessor as the mentor of confessors; thus it was through his courage, faith, chide, counsel and guidance that he managed to get many followers who helped him in the reformation of the church .  
Goals For Reforming The Church
One of the main goals of reforming the church was because Luther wanted the catholic religion to change their doctrines and live up to their faith. The reformation of the church was not for reforming the catholic religion but to reform the catholic doctrines and those authorities who professed catholic faith but did not live up to it. Luther led the restoration movement because he wanted to bring new change, the biblical focal point into congregational . He challenged the faith of Roman Catholic by arguing that it is only the unbelievers who are called sinners by Christ; thus, the spirit will punish the world because of sin. Luther wanted unbelievers to understand that unbelief is called the head of the serpent; thus he quoted from the book of Genesis chapter 3 that Christ will crush the serpent as it was promised to Adam. Luther wanted the catholic believers to change their ways and stood up by faith; thus he argued that there is no faith in case there is no moral movements or good works. The book of John chapter 1 reveals that faith is a work of God in people; thus it can change them and bring them near to God. Faith kills the old Adam and brings the Holy Spirit, as well as, a new creature; thus Luther wanted to reform the church in order to make people understand this kind of faith.
Secondly, another purpose or goal of reforming the church was to promote unity among the people because many of them had already divided. The conservative approach employed by Luther aimed to promote unity among people and this was through anticipating extreme reactions among people to these reforms. Luther had recognized himself as both timid and tentative in his work; hence, one of the areas where he was timid can be apparently revealed in the configuration of his liturgies. Most of his liturgies do not present any kind of technical order of worship, the kind of work, which is commonly employed in the contemporary churches. Although Luther also had his opinions about the Christian doctrines, he strongly urged other church leaders to avoid any doctrinal differences that were unnecessary for deliverance . This was for the sake of promoting unity among people and to avoid confusing or discouraging people about the conflicting ideas. Luther did not impose any overarching order of worship for varied churches but rather encouraged uniformity and unity within each distinct principality. This is because Luther did not want people to follow him but rather follow Christ; thus he urged people not to make any reference to him but call themselves Christians but not Lutherans.
Lastly, the beliefs of Luther about justification by faith enabled him to question the self indulgences practices in the Catholic Churches; thus the need to reform these doctrines. One of the Catholic practices that Martin wanted to modify was the practices of sacraments. Although Luther expected assorted reactions of reforming the sacraments, there was no hesitation that that this was to be performed. The fundamentals truths of the gospel were being violated because the faith of the majority had been warped into shallow superstition. For instance, the strongest motivators for Christian devotion during the Roman Catholic Church mass were the notion of purgatory .  Luther posted his Ninety-Five Theses, where he strongly argued about the power of indulgences and the authority of pope for extending this power to souls in purgatory.

Luther’s Mission Across Varied Areas
Luther did not stick to one area but he was determined to accomplish his mission of helping people to maintain peace just like the way Jesus Christ did while he was on earth. Therefore, Luther moved from one area to another including all parts of Europe, Italy and many others in order to preach to people about peace, unity and having true faith in Jesus Christ. He wanted people to emulate the example of Jesus Christ by loving each other and helping those who are in needy. He was determined to accomplish this mission; thus he fought peacefully and helped the black people who were suffering in the United States. Some people never wanted the black to have the same rights as whites, but Luther fought peacefully in order to ensure that everyone was treated equally. Despite the several arrests from the police, he was determined to accomplish his mission; thus he was determined to make change peacefully. Luther continued to preach fervently by trying to fix the problems that happened while he was in the Wartburg Castle; therefore, he taught people by arguing that deliverance is not received through excellent deeds but rather earned as a free gift from God. In the New Testaments, Jesus Christ also taught people that salvation is received by the Grace of God through faith in Christ who redeems people from sins; thus Luther also emphasized the significant of having this faith in Jesus Christ. Eventually, Luther formed a group of faithful followers who understood what he believed, the doctrines that came to be recognized as the Wittenberg Theology .

The Reasons For Martin Luther Writing His Own Bible
    Martin wrote his own bible because he wanted to edit some of the scriptures and make them clearly understood. Luther wanted to empathize on the significant of reading the bible because it provides the truth of life and it is the only doctrine, which should be followed. For instance, Luther concluded in the book of Romans 3:28 that Christians are justified by faith from the actions of the commandment; he wanted to emphasize that faith without action is death.  Christians believe that all scriptures in the bible were written by people who were inspired by the Holy Spirit of God; thus they have profitable doctrines. Luther believed that the bible should be used as the only doctrine because everything in it was spoken by God. Luther wrote his own bible in Germany arguing that he is confident that the words written in it are from Christ. The German version was significant because Luther wanted every Germany Christian to comprehend and hear the word of God. His understandings on the way God viewed sinners brought Luther to the conflict with the Roman Catholic; thus he wrote his own bible in order to explain about the sale of indulgences issue.

The Type of Legacy Martin Luther Left
    Luther is one of the most influential and controversial figures in the Protestant Reformation movement; thus he is honored for his life and legacy by Christian through committing themselves to keeping his dream alive. His actions cracked down the Roman Catholic Church into new Christianity cults and set in action reform within the church, Luther can be remembered as the father of the reformist and his great work of reforming the church is still appreciated. Many Christians in the contemporary churches employ his doctrines because he was a theologian who wanted people to feel closer to God. His teaching and the need for reforming the church in order to promote peace, unity and maintain faith is still recognized as the greatest custom for Christians. Luther can also be remembered for radically altering the relationship among church leaders and followers; thus many Christians still consider him as the most influential theologians . Luther moved from one area to another including all parts of Europe, Italy and many others in order to preach to people about peace, unity and need for having faith.

Conclusion
In conclusion, although Martin saw a need for protestant reform because of the schism within western Christianity, he wanted to abolish the traditions, papacy laws, promote unity and restore churches of Christ from perishing. The research focused on the earlier life of Martin before he became a preacher, and also examined the event that took place prior to his conservations. The researcher argued that Martin saw a need for reformation of the church because he wanted to abolish the traditions, papacy laws, promote unity and restore churches of Christ from perishing. His accomplishes were his followers who had already understood his teachings; thus they worked together in accomplishing the mission of transforming the church. The main goals of reforming the church were the need to make the catholic religion change their doctrines, the need to promote unity among people and the need to reform catholic doctrines. Martin wrote his own bible because he wanted to edit some of the scriptures and make them clearly understood. The controversial figure in the Protestant Reformation movement is one of the legacies that will make him to be remembered as the outstanding theologians in the history of Christianity.

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